A zero can mean two opposite things.

"Nobody has practised yet" and "they practised and struggled" look identical in most dashboards and call for opposite responses. We keep them apart.

"Not Yet Observed" is a distinct state from "Needs Remediation", and the roster says which one it is.
An explicit request for help outranks every derived signal, and is labelled as a request rather than as difficulty.
The heatmap is allowed to have holes where the evidence is thin, rather than filling them in with a confident colour.
Students stuck on the same misconception are grouped, so one short live session reaches all of them.

What this rests on

See which learners are struggling and which concepts they are stuck onTwenty-nine automated checks on the cohort report, plus five more driven through a real browser.
Each institution’s data is isolated at the database level, not by application codeTen checks run as a real signed-in user, so the database’s own access rules are genuinely exercised rather than assumed.
Students stuck on the same misconception are grouped, and the instructor brings them into one short live sessionGroups are built from the escalations Ava already opened, keyed on concept and misconception, and only students enrolled on the course can be invited.